中文摘要：

目的探索精神分裂症患者及其健康同胞是否具有相似的脑白质完整性受损,从而为该异常是否为精神分裂症的易感性生物学特征提供依据。方法利用基于像素的全脑分析方法比较精神分裂症患者30例及其健康同胞30名和正常对照30名的脑白质密度,将组间有差异的区域作为感兴趣区,利用纤维追踪技术重建穿过这些区域的白质纤维束,比较三组之间纤维束的各向异性值（FA）。结果精神分裂症患者组及其同胞组左侧前额叶的各向异性低于正常对照组[（0.296±0.030）,（0.302±0.030）,（0.326±0.026）,P〈0.05],两组的胼胝体膝部的各向异性也低于正常对照组[（0.560±0.031）,（0.568±0.025）,（0.581±0.028）,P〈0.05],但患者组与同胞组之间的上述差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论左侧前额叶和胼胝体膝部白质完整性受损可能是精神分裂症的易感性生物学特征。

英文摘要：

Objective To identify whether the integrity of brain white matter is abnormal in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings.Methods White matter density was compared among schizophrenic patients,their unaffected siblings and healthy controls using voxel-based morphometry and the brain regions showing significant difference among groups were defined as the region of interest（ROI）.Fiber tracking was then used to reconstruct the white matter fiber within ROI and then the fractional anisotropy（FA） was compared among three groups.Results Both schizophrenia patients and their siblings showed significant reduction of FA in the left prefrontal cortex（PFC） and genu of corpus callosum as compared healthy controls[（0.296 ± 0.030）,（0.302 ± 0.030）,（0.326 ± 0.026）,P 0.05;（0.560 ± 0.031）,（0.568 ± 0.025）,（0.581 ± 0.028）,（P 0.05）.While no significant difference was found between the patient group and the sibling group（P 0.05）.Conclusions The disruption of white matter integrity in the left PFC and genu of the corpus callosum might be the susceptibility biological marker for schizophrenia.