中文摘要：

本文针对现实经济中资本与劳动力匹配可能出现的5种情形，从新古典经济学的框架下推导了厂商在完全竞争环境下的资本与劳动力理想配比值形式，并以此为对照标准分析了经济中资本与劳动力的现实匹配和理想匹配的差距对要素配置可能产生的影响，实证研究了资本与劳动力近似理想配比值和现实配比值的结果，据此结果对我国的资本与劳动力匹配状况进行了初步解释。

英文摘要：

Based on five states that would arise in the matching of labor and capital in economy, the paper analyzes the ideal matching term of capital and labor under the condition of manufacturers in the environment of competition and then analyzes influence on collocation of investment factors that would come into being because of the gap of real and ideal matching of capital and labor in economy. The paper discusses the problems in the course of estimation of the value of related parameters. Finally, we estimate the values of the related parameters in virtue of the Chinese data from 1978 to 2005 and then calculate the values of real and ideal matching of capital and labor during this period to investigate the matching states of capital and labor in China.