中文摘要：

采用紫外-可见分光光度计探索沙轻减渣、塔河常渣、单家寺56-9×11三种油样胶体稳定性的表征方法,重点对检测波长、正庚烷滴加方式和速率、实验温度3个实验条件进行优化。结果表明：检测波长1 000 nm、采用平流泵0.50 m L/min速度加入正庚烷、40℃为适宜的实验条件,实验结果与质量分数电导率法所得到的表征结果具有较好的一致性。光谱法在表征重质油胶体稳定性方面具有优良可行性和准确性,而且具有更高的分辨率,适用油样更加广泛,所得信息也较为丰富,更易于实现自动化操作。相对于质量分数电导率法、光谱法具有更广泛的适用性,有潜力适用于含有添加剂的重质油体系,具有广泛的使用前景。

英文摘要：

The colloidal stability is a key property of heavy oils,and plays an important role in the recovery,storage,and processing of heavy oils. Comparing with other methods to measure the stability of heavy oils,spectroscopy method has a much broader scope of application. In this study,we use UV-visible spectrophotometer as the basic laboratory instrument to measure the colloidal stability of Saudi Arabia light crude vacuum residue and Ta-he atmospheric residue.Three experimental conditions were chosen to be optimized,including detection wavelength,n-heptane adding method and speed,and measuring temperature. The results of measurement are not only consistent with those from the mass fraction normalized conductivity method,but also have higher resolutions. The spectroscopy method presents the feasibility and accuracy in charactering the colloidal stability of heavy oils. This method can also apply the theory to the professional research field. This experiment has been set to the comprehensive experiment for the students of applied chemistry specialty,and it is a successful case of transforming research into teaching.