中文摘要：

微小RNA（miRNA）是一种内源性非编码RNA分子,长度19～24个核苷酸,作为转录后调节分子发挥作用。多种肿瘤中都存在miRNA表达谱的改变,差异表达的miRNA发挥癌基因或抑癌基因的作用,与肿瘤的发生、发展和预后有着密切的联系。对胰腺导管腺癌miRNA表达谱的研究及其靶基因的探索有助于了解胰腺导管腺癌的发病机制,同时miRNA表达谱是胰腺导管腺癌早期诊断和预后判断潜在的肿瘤标志物。本文总结了近年已知miRNA在胰腺腺癌中的表达情况,并探讨miRNA在胰腺导管腺癌诊断、治疗及预后中的作用。

英文摘要：

MicroRNA（miRNA）,small non-coding RNA consisted of 19-24 nucleotides,are able to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.The aberrant expressions of miRNA have been found in various cancers and contribute to carcinogenesis by promoting the expression of proto-oncogenes or by inhibiting the expression of tumor suppressor genes.miRNA are related closely with the oncogenesis,progression,and prognosis of tumors.The discovery of the aberrant expression of miRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDA） and its target genes are helpful for the understanding of the pathogenesis of PDA and for the early diagnosis and prediction of this disease.In this paper,we summarize the recent research advances in miRNA expression in PDA and its target genes and discuss the potential role of miRNA in the diagnosis,and treatment of PDA.