中文摘要：

主要采用硝酸铜、柠檬酸、油酸和RDX成功制作了含有铜离子的溶胶凝胶前驱体炸药，并在密闭容器中氩气保护下炸药爆轰合成了球形、颗粒尺寸均匀、核壳结构的石墨包覆铜纳米颗粒（Cu-Gs）。采用XRD、TEM、Raman等表征了爆轰产物的结构组成、形貌特征及包覆层构成。通过优化设计调整前驱体炸药的元素摩尔组成、密度及氧平衡，从而来寻求控制合成Cu-Gs的途径。最后简要讨论了Cu-Gs的生长机理。

英文摘要：

The copper nitrate, citric acid, oleic acid and RDX were used to prepare the explosive precursors containing Cu ions. Based on the densities and oxygen balances, （OBs）, the morphology characterization and the composition of Cu ions doped explosive precursors were characterized designed, so that the carbon-encapsulated Cu nanoparticles （Cu-Gs） were synthesized. The results show that the explosive precursors with a certain mole ratio of nitrate and complexing agent for metallic source materials, which were mixed with carbon source materials, were ignited by detonator under nitrogen in closed detonation vessel. The different of Cu-Gs were synthesized by adjusting the element component of Cu ions doped explosives. The preliminary reaction mechanism was discussed