中文摘要：

采用凝胶炸药前驱体爆轰合成了石墨包覆铜纳米颗粒。凝胶炸药前驱体主要以柠檬酸、二乙醇为促进剂、黑索金为碳源材料与硝酸铜为金属源材料以一定的工艺条件制备得到。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能量弥散X射线探测器、X射线荧光光谱和拉曼光谱等,对爆轰产物进行形貌、结构及性能分析。结果表明,采用凝胶炸药前驱体成功合成了球形、核壳结构的石墨包覆铜纳米颗粒,粒径分布在10-40nm。并初步证实复合纳米颗粒的粒径分布及包覆层石墨厚度,可通过调整炸药前驱体中各组分的有效比例获得。

英文摘要：

Graphite-encapsulated copper nanoparticles （GECNPs） were synthesized using the sol-gel explosive precursors by a detonation method. The sol-gel explosive precursors were prepared using copper nitrate,citric acid, ethylene glycol and trinitro-l-3-5-triazine. The morphology and nature properties of the composites were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDX）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray fluorescence（XRF） and Raman spectrometry（RS）. As a result, the GECNPs were successfully synthesized by detonation decomposition of the sol-gel explosive precursors. Results show that the as-obtained composites were with a core-shell spherical structure and the diameters of these composites were in the ranging of 10-40 nm. The different sizes and composition of the composites and the thickness of the carbon coating can be prepared by adjusting the component materials of the sol-gel explosive precursors.