中文摘要：

利用观测精度可达1-2×10^-8ms＆-2,的FG5绝对重力仪,开展了空气阻力、有无隔震弹簧以及仪器自震对重力观测影响等观测实验.通过在环境干扰较小的九峰站观测实验,得到如下结论：在正常大气压状态下所观测到的空气阻力影响约500×10-5ms^-2,比理论估算值大近30×10^-5ms^-2,若在低真空状态测量空气阻力也将产生2.3×10^-5ms^-2观测误差;落体室真空度维持系统（离子泵）工作不正常,空气阻力也将对重力观测造成0.1～4.1×10^-5ms^-2的观测误差;在地质条件比较稳定,环境震动干扰较小的基墩上测量,隔震弹簧的作用对观测结果影响不明显,但对测量精度影响较大.上述观测实验的进行,为自由下落法绝对重力仪的研制提供可靠依据.

英文摘要：

Using the FG5 absolute gravimeter with, the accuracy up to 1～2× 10^-8 ms^-2 ,we make the observation experiment about the influence of air frictin, vibration isolating spring and self-shock on the gravimetric observation. According to the observation experiment at the Jiufeng station where there is smaller environment noise, the conclusions are drawn as follows. In the normal atmosphere, the observed value is about 500×10^-5ms^-2 , which is greater than theoretical value about 30×10 ^-5 ms^-2, and if in the low vacuum, the observational error about 2. 3 × 10^-5 ms^-2 is generated. The vacuum maintaining system （ion pump） in falling room can not work normally, which will yield 0.1～ 4.1× 10^-5ms^-2 error to the gravimetric observation, In the case of that the measurement is in the stable geological conditions and the smaller environment noise, the action of vibration isolating spring is not obvious, but it yields greater effects on measurement accuracy, The observation experiment above can be used as reference for the development of absolute gravimeter,