中文摘要：

运用溶剂热法，以丙酮-水为分散介质，利用阳离子型引发剂偶氮二异丁基眯盐酸盐（AIBA）引发苯乙烯（St）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）共聚，制备无皂MMA／St共聚阳离子纳米胶乳粒子。探讨了单体浓度、引发剂浓度、温度对共聚合初始速率的影响。结果表明，随着[MMA]和温度的增加，聚合速率增大；随着[AIBA]的增加，聚合速率先增大后减小；得到单体浓度（[MMA]）和引发剂浓度（[AiBA]）影响反应速率的动力学方程为：RP=kP·[MMA]^0．68[AIBA]^0.77，测得共聚合表观活化能Ea=40．7kJ／mol。

英文摘要：

Emulsifier-free poly （ methyl methacrylate-styrene） （ P （MMA-St） ） cationic nanoparticles were synthesized in an acetone-water medium using 2, 2-azobis （2-methylpropionamidine） dihydrochloride （AIBA） as the initiator by solvothermal method. The effects of monomer ratio, temperature and initiator concentration on initial copolymerization rate were discussed. The results show that the copolymerization rate increases with increasing temperature and concentration of MMA; with increasing concentration of AIBA, the copolymerization rate increases first and then decreases, the result of kinetics shows that the influence of monomer concentration and initiator concentration on the rate of coplymerization can be expressed as： Rp = kp·[MMA]^0.68[AIBA]^0.77, the overall energy of copolymerization is determined （ Ea = 40.7 kJ/tool）.