中文摘要：

与养老保险相关的成本转嫁可以分为三个方面：（1）社会保险领域之外向养老保险领域的成本转嫁；（2）社会保险内部转嫁；（3）养老保险内部成本转嫁。不断指向养老保险的成本转嫁增加了养老保险的支付风险和脆弱性，严重威胁到我国养老保险的可持续性。本文从地方政府、企业和员工等利益主体的理性行为入手，基于养老保险的“俱乐部产品”性质，分析地区、代际间以及部门间的养老成本转嫁，进而提出恢复养老保险制度的独立性以及建立养老保险基金收支平衡的评估体系等建议。

英文摘要：

The burden transfer on pension system occurs at three levels. First, reforms in other fields transfer burden on pension, such as the reform costs caused by state -owned enterprise reform. Second, burden transfer in social security system, which include the transfer burden across different regions, enterprises of different ownerships and pension systems in different levels. Burden transfer is a risk for pension fund reimbursement, intensity its vulnerability and negatively affects the sustainability of pension fund. The paper, based on the rationality of relevant parties such government, enterprise and employees, analyzes the burden transfer across regions, generations and departments and puts forwards to restore the excludability of pension and establish the evaluation system for pension funds.