中文摘要：

比较巾环磷酰胺两种小同给药方式诱导小鼠血小板减少症模型的效果，并对效果较稳定的一种给药方式进行最佳造模剂量摸索，以期确定一个造模效果较好，毒副作用较低，利于观察治疗药物疗效的血小板减少症模型。模型A组，第1天尾静脉注射环磷酰胺200mg／kg，然后连续6d，每天1次以维持剂量30mg／kg腹腔注射环磷酰胺。模型B组，按150mg／kg皮下注射环磷酰胺，每天1次，连续3d。结果显示模型B组造模效果较好，故以模型B组给药方法进行剂量摸索实验。由第7天的血小板计数可知环磷酰胺低（100mg／kg）、中（120mg／kg）、高（140mg／kg）剂量均可引起血小板减少症，而低剂量组与其他组比较有高效低毒的特点，更有利于观察治疗药物的作用，可用于具有升血小板作用药物的药效学研究。

英文摘要：

An experiment was conducted to compare the effects of two mouse thrombocytopenia models induced by cyclophosphamide at two different administration routes to determine a proper cyclophosphamide administration route that could cause stable thrombocytopenia. A suitable drug dosage that could induce thrombocytopenia in mouse efficiently with the definite administration route was then investigated. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into Normal, Model A and Model B groups. To Model A, 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide was given by vena caudalis injection as first dose and 30 mg/kg as maintenance dose by intraperitoneal injection at the following 6 days. To Model B, 150 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide was given by subcutaneous injection once a day for consecutive 3 days. All groups were under investigation for 15 days. The result suggested that a decrease in the number of blood platelets of Model B at the 7th day were significantly than that of Normal. Other platelet related indices like platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume and platelet-large cell ratio of Model B increased significantly in comparison with those of Normal group. The platelets count was reduced but fluctuated greatly, and more than half of the mice died in Model A. Therefore, subcutaneous injection of cyclophosphamide for 3 days was used for the cyclophosphamide dosage test. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into Normal, cyclophosphamide low dose （100 mg/kg）, medium dose （120 mg/kg） and high dose （140 mg/kg） groups. All groups were under investigation for 11 days. Though all 3 dosages successfully initiated thrombocytopenia as the platelets number dropped at the 7th day, the low dose was considered to be a suitable one that was of high efficacy and low toxicity. Thus, BALB/c mice challenged by subcutaneous injection of cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive day is one simple, feasible and stable mouse thrombocytopenia model that could be used for pharmacodynamic test of the drugs which are supposed to have platelets increasi