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中文摘要：
微生物参与形成的锰氧化物是环境中一种高活性的锰氧化物．研究表明，锰氧化菌主要通过分泌多铜氧化酶来氧化Mn（Ⅱ）而形成锰氧化物．微生物形成锰氧化物过程的主要初级产物是与δ-MnO2或与酸性钠水锰矿类似的层状锰酸盐．生物氧化锰是环境中重要的吸附剂、氧化剂和催化剂．通过吸附、氧化作用，生物氧化锰影响着重金属离子在环境中的迁移转化，在重金属元素生物地球化学循环中起重要作用．研究锰氧化物的生物形成过程、生物氧化锰的结构特征及其与重金属离子之间的相互作用，对于了解生物氧化锰在重金属元素生物地球化学循环过程中的作用以及在重金属污染修复中的应用有着重要意义．本文综述了环境中生物氧化锰的形成机制、性质、结构特点及其吸附、氧化重金属离子的机制．
英文摘要：
Manganese （Mn） oxides are common minerals in natural environments that may play an important role in the biogeochemical cycles of heavy metals. Increasing evidences have shown that Mn（ Ⅱ ） oxidation is a microbially-mediated process, and the Mn oxidizing microorganisms are thus recognized as the major drivers of the global Mn cycle. The major pathway for bacterial Mn（Ⅱ ） oxidation is catalysed by a muhicopper oxidizing enzyme family. The primary Mn（ Ⅳ ） biooxides are phyllomanganate-like minerals most similar to δ-MnO2 or acid birnessite. Manganese oxides are known to have high sorption capacities for a wide variety of metal ions and considered to be the important environmental oxidant to many metal ions. This paper reviewed the mechanisms of biogenic manganese oxides formation and their reactions with heavy metal ions in environment.
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