中文摘要：

针对U形渠道，以不同体型的量水柱为研究对象，利用Pro／E软件建立了U形渠道及量水柱的三维模型，并基于计算流体动力学软件Flow-3D，采用RNG k-ε三维湍流模型对U形渠道内的流动发展情况进行数值模拟。结果表明，圆柱形量水槽及菱柱形量水柱过渡段水面波动较为剧烈；桥墩形量水柱上游壅水高度及水头损失过大；椭圆柱形量水柱的制作加工较为复杂；圆头量水柱结构简单，流场分布较平稳，上游壅水高度小，且水头损失小，适宜在我国北方多泥沙水源的渠道中应用。

英文摘要：

The three-dimensional model of U-shaped channel and water-measuring column was established using 3D software Pro/E, and the RNG k -ε turbulence model was used to simulate the flow development in U-shaped channel based on Flow - 3D software. The results indicated that water fluctuated fiercely in the successive sections for cylindrical and prismatic water-measuring columns, upstream backwater height and water-head loss were both too high for pier shaped water-measuring column, and the manufacture of the elliptic cylindrical water-measuring column was complex. Whereas, both the upstream backwater and water head loss were small, and the flow distribution was stable for the water-measuring column with round head, which could be used in the channels with intake sediment-carried water in North China.