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中文摘要：
依据青海省化隆县考古调查获得的新石器一青铜时代（5．3～2．6kaB．P．）的遗址位置和面积，尝试利用聚落等级和等级规模的方法分析该县新石器一青铜时代的聚落形态演变过程，并结合研究区周边地区的全新世气候记录和考古研究资料分析其可能的影响因素。结果显示：马家窑文化时期（5．4～4．0kaB．P．），化隆县出现具有一定人口规模和整合的聚落系统，可能与适宜气候背景下，农业快速发展导致的人口流动有关；齐家文化时期（4．2—3．8kaB．P．），化隆县人口规模未发生显著变化，没有出现聚落等级，聚落系统结构简单，各聚落之间为平等竞争关系，可能与区域聚落分布特征改变有关；3．6～2．5kaB．P．，化隆县人口规模增加，三级等级聚落系统明显整合，可能是卡约文化的农业生产水平和生计方式适应气候变化的结果。因此，气候变化、生计模式和人口流动是化隆县新石器一青铜时代聚落形态演变和社会组织结构发展的主要原因。
英文摘要：
This paper provided a new perspective on the evolution of settlement patterns and possible influence factors between the Neolithic and Bronze Age in Hualong County. Based on the surveyed archaeological settlement patterns, published archaeological data and climate records, we employed regional settlement hierarchy and rank-size analysis to investigate settlement patterns from Neolithic to Bronze Age （5.3 2.6kaB. P. ） in Hualong County. The population of Hualong County and Qinghai Province was represented by the site frequency （ site number/duration of the site occupation） and summed cumulative probability of calibrated radiocarbon data respectively. Each of five pollen sequences from the eastern Tibetan Plateau was resampled into 400-year bins by averaging tree pollen percentages of all samples in a binned interval. The binned tree pollen percentages were then standardized to zero mean and unit standard deviation. All standardized tree pollen curves were averaged to generate the composite regional tree pollen record, with standard error as an estimate of errors and variations. Finally, the evolution of settlement patterns was identified in Hualong County, as well as the possible factors. To be specific,the evolution could be divided into three periods, 1 ）During the Majiayao period （5.3 - 4.0kaB. P. ） , this region developed as a settlement area but the population density was not high. The site-size distributions of this period manifested two levels,one possible primary center （900, 000 square meters） and 32 villages. The rank-size graph expressed a primate curve clearly and suggested an integrated regional social system. The possible reasons for this situation were population migration from surrounding areas, under favorable climate conditions which was supported by the fact of the composite regional pollen curve characterized with high tree pollen abundance at 6.0 4.0kaB. P. 2）The Qijia culture （4. 2 -3. 8kaB. P. ）witnessed a generally stable population and an abrupt decline of both sit
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