中文摘要：

电力系统元件在运行中受老化、磨损和隐藏故障的影响,故障率随时间呈增长趋势。综合考虑发电机、变压器和输电线路的主要停运因素,建立相应的故障率增长模型,推导了考虑计划检修后的元件平均无效度公式。基于可靠性成本效益分析,以平均无效度为纽带建立系统期望失负荷概率、系统电量不足期望以及系统总成本与计划检修率的函数关系。提出了以系统总成本对元件计划检修率的灵敏度排序进行计划检修周期优化的启发式迭代算法。采用该算法对RBTS和IEEE-RTS79可靠性测试系统进行了优化计算,并与传统C级检修方式的结果进行对比分析,研究表明不同容量、地点、类型和可靠性的元件,其最优计划检修周期存在较大差异,同时也探讨了元件老化因子和单位停电成本对电网计划检修优化的影响。

英文摘要：

Power system components suffer from aging,wearing and hidden failures in operation,thus the component failure rate is increasing over time.By considering the main outage types of generators,transformers and transmission lines,the corresponding increasing failure rate model is built. From the model, the average unavailability formula incorporating preventive maintenance is derived.Based on the reliability cost-benefit analysis and the average unavailability,the LOLP, EENS and the total cost of the system can be deduced as a function of the preventive maintenance cycles of components, respectively.A heuristic iterative algorithm is proposed,in which the sensitivity of the total system cost to each component preventive maintenance rate is ranked to find the optimal preventive maintenance.According to studies on RBTS and IEEE-RTS79,it is verified that the component optimal maintenance cycle varies with the type,capacity,reliability and the location of that component.Finally,the effects of the aging factor and unit power shortage cost on maintenance optimization are treated based on the RBTS system.