中文摘要：

致病性分枝杆菌仍然是人类健康的重要威胁。相对于传统模式原核生物,在分枝杆菌中进行基因敲除一直是一个难题。文章介绍了分枝杆菌中用于基因敲除的转运载体和序列特异性重组系统的研究进展,并进一步介绍了新近发展的分枝杆菌重组工程在基因敲除中的应用。最后,对分枝杆菌基因敲除系统的发展历程进行了回顾,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Pathogenic mycobacteria were and remain a heavy burden to public health. Unfortunately, genetic manipulation including knockout technologies of Mycobacterium is difficult compared with other traditional model organisms. To overcome this obstacle, achievements in Mycobacterium knockout technologies were summarized, including delivery vector, sequence-specific recombination system, as well as the recently developed recombinogenic engineering and its application. The future for this tool innovation is also addressed.