中文摘要：

建立了带市场反馈的闭环供应链系统动力学模型。结果表明在不同市场反馈下，闭环供应链动力学行为尽管仍在正向供应链上表现出供应链动力学典型行为模式——牛鞭效应，但其效果却比不考虑闭环的情况要弱，而且随着市场反馈的增强，牛鞭效应减弱。

英文摘要：

A simple system dynamics model of a traditional/closed loop supply chain system based on market feed- back is investigated. Particularly, effects of remanufacture on the supply chain dynamics were studied. Our results clearly showed that the bullwhip in the closed loop supply chain is smaller than one in traditional supply chain. Fur- thermore,we found that the bullwhip effect in the closed loop supply chain will decrease when the market feedback become more friendly.