中文摘要：

地球科学即研究地球和天体形成和演化的学科,而地质作用的时间是地球科学研究的首要问题。放射性同位素体系定年是地质研究中获得绝对年龄的基本方法,其中U-Pb体系定年是目前固体地球科学年代学研究中应用最广的方法。应用U-Pb体系进行年代学研究,需要考虑几方面的因素,如测试对象是否适宜该体系定年、哪种技术手段更适宜本次研究目的、定年结果的置信度如何、能否在同一分析点上增加其他信息等。本文试图从U-Pb定年体系的原理、特点、技术手段出发,总结如何根据原理选择或判断适宜测试对象、测试方法和对结果的评估等,以期对非同位素地质年代学专业的研究者有所帮助。

英文摘要：

The quantification of time is fundamental to investigate the Earth Science,i. e.,deepen our understanding of the planetary evolution and the geological processes. In geological researches,the basic method to acquire an absolute age is the radioactive isotope dating. Recently,the U-Pb dating system is widely used in the solid Earth Sciences. Before performing the U-Pb dating,many aspects should be carefully considered. For example,whether or not the chosen mineral is appropriate for this system,which technical method is suitable for the purpose of the study,how is the confidence level of dating results,can we yield more geochemical information besides dating in the same analytical point,etc. This article summarized principles,characteristics and technical methods of the U-Pb dating system,discussed how to choose or judge the proper minerals and analytical methods and how to evaluate the results. We expect to give helps to the non-professional researchers in the isotopic geochronology.