中文摘要：

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路介导多种重要的细胞生理反应．对下游蛋白激酶的磷酸化是MAPK家族成员发挥生理作用的重要方式．在MAPK的下游存在3个结构上相关的MAPK激活蛋白激酶（MAPKAPK0rMK），即MK2，MK3和MK3．在被MAPK激活后，MK可将信号传递至细胞内不同靶标，从而在转录和翻译水平调节基因表达，调控细胞骨架和细胞周期，介导细胞迁移和胚胎发育．最近，在基因敲除研究的基础上，不同MK亚族成员之间的功能区分已经逐渐明晰，使我们对于MK的认识有了长足的进步．

英文摘要：

Abstract Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways are involved in multiple important cellular responses. To activate their downstream protein kinases by phosphorylation is a crucial manner for MAPK family members to fulfill their physiological functions. Downstream of MAPKs, there exist three structurally related MAPK-activated protein kinases （MAPKAPKs or MKs）, i.e., MK2, MK3 and MK5. Once upon activated by MAPKs, MICs signal to different cellular targets, to regulate gene expression at the levels of transcription and translation, control cytoskeleton remodelling and cell cycle, and mediate cell migration and embryonic development. Recently, based on the gene knockout studies, the function divisions among different MK subfamily members are gradually clear, leading to tremendous advancements of our knowledge on MKs.