中文摘要：

碘是人体必需的一种微量元素，科学研究表明，碘对机体的作用是双向的，碘缺乏和碘过量均可引起机体不同程度的健康危害。由于碘的主要作用器官是甲状腺，因此甲状腺疾病是碘缺乏和碘过量的主要表现形式之一。随着我国碘缺乏病防治研究的深入开展，近年来水源性高碘的研究成为普遍关注的热点。本文对水源性高碘与甲状腺肿、甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺癌及自身免疫性甲状腺炎等一系列与甲状腺疾病关系的研究做一综述。

英文摘要：

Iodine is an essential trace element, which plays a bidirectional role on human health. Either iodine deficiency or iodine excess can cause varying degrees of health hazards, manifesting mainly with thyroid diseases as the main target organ of iodine is thyroid. With in-depth research on iodine deficiency disease, high water iodine has been widely concerned in recent years. Association between high iodine and a series of thyroid diseases, such as goi- ter, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer and autoimmune thyroiditis will be reviewed in this paper.