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中文摘要：
探索了脉冲控制的含近简并能级的有限维量子系统的哈密顿量的约化．由一个非简并基态能级和几个近简并激发态能级组成的量子系统被一个短脉冲控制，目标是控制所有激发态的布居数之和．考虑了两个可以看成等价二能级系统的例子，当脉冲强度比较弱时，得到了原始系统和约化系统的简单关系；当脉冲强度比较强时，对于只含一个频率的脉冲，一阶近似的关系也是存在的．
英文摘要：
We explores Hamiltonian reduction in pulse-controlled finite-dimensional quantum systems with near-degenerate eigenstates. A quantum system with a non-degenerate ground state and several near-degenerate excited states is controlled by a short pulse, and the objective is to maximize the collective population on all excited states when we treat all of them as one level. Two cases of the systems are shown to be equivalent to effective two-level systems. When the pulse is weak, simple relations between the original systems and the reduced systems are obtained. When the pulse is strong, these relations are still available for pulses with only one frequency under the first-order approximation.
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