中文摘要：

为了研究有机氯农药（OCPs）在表层岩溶带土壤中的分布趋势、组成特征和来源,采用气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器（GC-μECD）分析了重庆市南川区水房泉、后沟泉、柏树湾泉、兰花沟泉等典型表层带岩溶泉上覆土层中有机氯农药的浓度。结果显示,总体上表层岩溶带土壤中的OCPs的浓度范围是7.13～323.37ng/g,其中后沟泉、柏树湾泉、兰花沟泉表层土壤中的17种OCPs检出率为100%,水房泉土壤中除p,p＇-DDD外其余全部检出,但不同种类有机氯含量差异较大。其中HCHs、DDTs、CHLs、灭蚁灵是主要检出物。研究区内土壤样品中的HCHs来源于工业品HCHs和林丹使用的残留,且由于环境影响,土壤中HCH的同系物组成发生了明显变化。水房泉和柏树湾泉土壤中的DDTs来自于工业DDTs和三氯杀螨醇的混合源,而后沟泉和兰花沟泉土壤中的DDTs可能来自于工业DDTs的使用,而非三氯杀螨醇类型的DDT。对比中国和荷兰的土壤质量标准,柏树湾泉土壤中DDTs浓度接近于荷兰无污染土壤的参考值,兰花沟泉土壤中的DDTs应属于轻度污染,后沟泉土壤中的DDTs和氯丹类化合物污染程度较重,而水房泉土壤为无污染土壤。

英文摘要：

In order to study the distribution tendency, composition character and main possible sources of organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） in the epikarst soils, the concentrations of OCPs residues in the overlaying soils of four typical epikarst springs are measured by gas chromatography equipped with miro-63 Ni electron capture detector. The four epikarst springs, SF Spring, HG Spring, BSW Spring and LH Spring, situate in Nanchuan District, Chongqing City. The results show that the total OCPs concentrations in the epikarst soils range from 7.13 to 323.37 ng/g, and all 17 OCPs are detected in HG,BSW and LH soils, and except for p, p＇-DDD, the other are all detected in SF soil, but the concentrations of different OCPs vary greatly. Accord- ing to the measured concentration, HCHs, DDTs, CHLs and mirex are the most dominant compounds a- mong the 17 OCPs. The composition of HCH indicates HCHs in epikarst soil originating from the residues of historical application of technical HCHs and lindane, and under the influence of environment, the compositions of HCH isomer change greatly. DDTs in soils of BSW and SF soils come from the use of technical DDT and dicofol, and the use of technical DDT might be responsible for the freshly DDT input in HG spring and LH soils, but not the dicofol type DDT. In comparison with soil quality standards of China and the Netherlands, the concentration of DDTs in BSW soil is near to the reference value of unpolluted soil according to soil protection guideline of the Netherlands, and the levels of DDTs in LH soil are classified as low polluted, but the levels of DDTs and CHLs in HG soil is categorized as high polluted, while the SF soil can be classed as unpolluted one.