中文摘要：

目的：探讨肾盂肾炎大鼠肾脏表面活性蛋白-A（SP—A）的表达变化及全反式维甲酸（ATRA）对肾脏SP—A表达的影响。方法：24只雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组，每组6只，A组：正常对照组；B组：假手术组；C组：肾盂肾炎组；D组：肾盂肾炎＋ATRA治疗组。用致肾盂肾炎大肠杆菌肾筋膜下注射法制备肾盂肾炎模型，于造模后第14天处死大鼠。观察肾脏大体形态改变，PAS染色观察肾脏病理变化，免疫组化染色观察SP—A表达改变。结果：C组病理评分显著高于A、B组，D组病理评分较C组显著减轻。与A、B组相比，C组SP—A表达显著上升（P〈0．05）；D组SP—A表达较A、B、C组显著增加（P〈0．01）。结论：全反式维甲酸可通过改变肾脏SP—A表达水平，减轻肾盂肾炎病理改变。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid （ATRA） on the expression of SP-A in rats with pyelonephritis. Methods： Twenty-four female rats were randomly divided into four groups： control group, sham operation group, pyelonephritis group, and pyelonephritis treated ATRA group. All rats were sacrificed at day 14. Renal morphological changes were evaluated by light microscopy. The expression of SP-A in kidney was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results： In pyelonephritis group, tubulointerstitial inflammation was more prominent than in control group or sham operation group. Compared with that in pyelonephritis group, tubu- lointerstitial inflammation was decreased in pyelonephritis treated ATRA group. The expression of SP-A was increased remarkably in pyelonephritis group when compared with that respectively in control group or sham operation group （both P〈0. 05）. The expression of SP-A was increased remarkably in pyelonephritis treated ATRA group compared with that in the other three groups （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The expression of SP-A was increased in pyelonephritis group. ATRA showed renal protective effects in the pyelonephritis model.