中文摘要：

强化环境规制、保护生态环境是大势所趋，然而环境规制趋紧是否会影响制造业国际竞争力？本文通过基于双层嵌套Dixit—Stiglitz模型的理论分析与面板估计，发现环境规制趋紧对技能溢价的提升有显著促进作用，而且表现出明显的行业差异，在重度和中度污染行业的正向效应更大。采用中介效应模型进行计量分析发现，环境规制对制造业国际竞争力的影响表现出多维性,既有直接“环境一经济”效应。也有通过技能溢价所体现出的显著中介效应，但其作用方向与理论预期不完全一致。为此，进一步设定面板门槛模型进行检验,结果表明，中介效应存在一定的非线性特征，技能溢价对制造业国际竞争力的影响存在双门槛效应;在技能溢价处于较低水平时，对制造业国际竞争力有显著积极影响：当技能溢价较高时,由于技能一需求错配等原因而不利于制造业国际竞争力的进一步提升;但是,技能溢价有助于更好发挥环境规制对制造业国际竞争力的提升作用。制定分类规制政策、强化技能型人才培养、优化要素禀赋结构、推进资本与技术的融合，能够提升制造业国际竞争力。

英文摘要：

As a general trend currently, would strengthening environmental regulation affect international competitiveness of manufacturing industry？ By conducting a theoretical analysis and a panel estimation based on double-nested Dixit-Stiglitz model, we find that environmental regulation plays a positive role in promoting skill premium and is larger in heavy and moderate polluted industries. Then, mediating effect model reveals that influence of environmental regulation on the competitiveness is multidimensional, which not only has direct ＂environmental--economic＂ effect, but also is partially mediated which is demonstrated by the skill premium, however, the coefficient of mediating variable is contrary to our expectation. Therefore, we further set a threshold panel model which shows that mediating effect has some non-linear characters. Effects of skill premium on industrial competitiveness possess a feature of dual-threshold effect. At a lower level of skill premium, it has significant positive impact. When exceeds the left-side threshold, it will hinder further enhancement of industrial competitiveness due to reasons like skill-demand mismatch. However, higher skill premium is conducive to better strengthen positive effect of environmental regulation. Some measures such as implementing classified regulation policies, strengthening cultivation of skilled talents, optimizing structure of factor endowments and promoting the integration of capital and technology would help enhance the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry.