中文摘要：

人力资本是影响制造业高新化发展的重要因素，对于人力资本的提供者，已有研究较多关注科技人员，而忽视了民营企业家。通过把民营企业家才能看作“隐性”特殊人力资本，来探究民营企业家才能增进在制造业高新化发展中的作用。同时运用系统GMM和固定效应法对2003-2014年除西藏以外30个省市区面板数据进行回归分析，结果发现民营企业家才能以消费水平和技术创新为中介渠道来推动制造业高新化提升。最后提出相关政策建议：（1）政府应通过正式与非正式的制度来保障和提高民营企业丰度；（2）政府应积极采取政策，保障中介渠道效力的发挥；（3）政府应进一步推进国有企业改革，激发国有企业管理者的企业家才能。

英文摘要：

Human capital can affect the development of optimization and new pattem of Chinese manufacturing industry. The paper regards the private entrepreneurship as the hidden human capital to explore the impacts of private entrepreneurship on the development of optimization and new pattern of Chinese manufacturing industry. The empirical analysis is made by the dynamic panel estimation and the fixed effects model with 30 area panel data from 2003 to 2014. The results show that the pri- vate entrepreneurship contribute to the consumption and the technology innovation, and result in the development of optimization and new pattern of Chinese manufacturing industry. It indicates that the government should improve the quantity of the private entrepreneurs, pay attention to the role of intermediary channels and deepen the state-owned enterprise reform.