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中文摘要：
为提高复合材料结构冲击定位的实时性以及监测系统的集成度,研制了一套基于PXI总线的结构冲击定位集成监测系统.设计了基于PXI总线的四通道程控增益电荷放大器和声发射触发器.插卡式硬件将微弱的电荷信号转换为电压信号,并实现4级放大控制和宽频带的滤波以及产生多路信号的超阈值触发信号.集成软件基于VC++开发平台,结合Matlab定位算法,用于控制硬件工作和处理采集到的传感信号以对结构的状态进行评估.定位算法利用修正后的声源与传感器间的波达时间,根据四点圆弧定位算法得到冲击源坐标.最后,在飞机油箱的碳纤维复合材料结构上对该系统的功能进行了验证研究.实验结果表明,该系统能够在线监测结构的冲击,并准确判断冲击位置,误差小于2cm.该系统集成度高、结构紧凑、便于携带,有利于推动被动监测的工程应用.
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