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中文摘要：
以醋酸铅[Pb（CH3COO）2·3H2O]、硝酸镧[La（NO3）3·6H2O]、硝酸锆[Zr（NO3）4·5H2O]和钛酸四丁酯为原料,以KOH为矿化剂,水热合成了掺镧锆钛酸铅（lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate,PLZT）陶瓷粉体。研究了表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,CTAB）对水热合成PLZT陶瓷粉体的作用。利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜考察了所得到粉体的物相和形貌。结果发现：前驱体混合不均匀或反应时间较短时,粉体中均会生成针状La（OH）3颗粒。添加适量的CTAB能够抑制La（OH）3的生成,并且可以缩短合成单相PLZT陶瓷粉体所需要的反应时间。但过量的CTAB反而会促进针状La（OH）3颗粒的产生。
英文摘要：
Lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate（PLZT） powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method using Pb（CH3COO）2·3H2O,La（NO3）3·6H2O,Zr（NO3）4·5H2O and Ti（OC4H9）4 as starting materials and KOH as a mineralizer.The effect of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB） on the hydrothermal synthesis of the PLZT powder was investigated.The phase composition and morphology of the powder were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that La（OH）3 needles are formed in the final powders when the starting materials are not mixed uniformly or the reaction time is short.The addition of proper amount of CTAB would inhibit the appearance of La（OH）3,and shorten the reaction time for the pure PLZT powder.However,the excessive CTAB would cause the presence of La（OH）3 needles.
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