中文摘要：

在IUCN全球自然保护系统中,中国的风景名胜区在人口、体制、资金、文化、利益主体、地域关系上有很多独特性,风景旅游游憩与社区发展是当前风景名胜区面临的众多矛盾的直接动因,对保护与发展适宜度缺乏科学评价标准是目前众多矛盾难以解决的根本原因之一;从基于审美价值的规划理论方法走向基于自然科学价值、历史文化价值、审美价值、游憩价值等全面的综合规划与管理,是实现风景区可持续管理的关键,也是对风景科学与风景区规划理论和方法的深化。可持续管理制度是保持风景区保护与发展动态平衡的重要机制,游憩适宜性评价、生态影响评价、社区可持续性评价、可持续管理规划、风景动态监控系统是风景区可持续管理的5个关键技术。

英文摘要：

There are many unique features such as factors of demography,system,capital,culture,interest group,and area relationship in national parks of China compared with globe natural conservation system of IUCN.Many conflicts in national parks of China directly come from the development of community and tourism recreation,and it is one of the fundamental causes that there are no scientific assessment standards for answering what is the best model of development for national parks in China.The key way to keep sustainable management of national parks in China is the change of value view,planning theory and methods,management approaches that transfer from simple planning theory and methods based on aesthetic value to comprehensive planning and management based on the values of natural science,historic and cultural,aesthetic and recreation.The system of sustainable management is the important mechanism keeping dynamic balance between protection and development.The 5 key techniques supporting sustainable management of national parks are recreation suitability assessment,ecological impact assessment,scenic community sustainability assessment,sustainable management planning,and landscape dynamic monitoring system.