中文摘要：

利用合成的黄粒和白粒两个微胚乳超高油玉米原始群体（C0）,经过两年四轮回的混合选择改良,通过测定各轮回群体的5粒重、含油率和5粒油重三个性状,研究其选择响应。结果表明：黄、白两个群体,5粒重、含油率及5粒油重三个性状的原始群体及各轮回群体间都存在极显著差异。在第四轮混合选择（C4）后的5粒重最高,黄色群体C4y的5粒重的选择响应为0.048g,较C0y提高12.18%;白色群体C4w的5粒重选择响应为0.044g,较C0w提高10.16%。黄、白两个群体第三轮回群体（C3）的含油率的达到最高。黄色群体C3y含油率的选择响应为3.16%,较C0y提高11.89%;白色群体C3w含油率的选择响应为1.12%,较C0w提高4.03%。黄、白两个群体C4的5粒油重的达到最高。黄色群体C4y的5粒油重的选择响应为0.022 1g,较C0y提高21.25%;白色群体C4w的5粒油重的选择响应为0.016 1g,较C0w提高13.39%。经过四轮的混合选择,黄、白两个群体的5粒重、含油率和5粒油重都得到了显著提高,利用混合选择对微胚乳玉米早代群体这些性状的改良是有效的。

英文摘要：

The 5 kernel weight,oil content and oil weight of 5 kernels were measured for two micro-endosperm super high oil maize populations by mass selection after 4 cycles in two years,and the selection responses were studied.Result showed that there were significant（P0.01） differences on 5 kernel weight,oil content and oil weight of 5 kernels among cycle populations.The 5 kernel weight was the highest in C4 in two populations,the selection response of the 5 kernel weight was 0.048g in yellow population C4y,increased by 12.18% compared with C0y;the selection response of the 5 kernel weight was 0.044g in white population C4w,increased by 10.16% compared with C0w.The oil content was the highest in C3 in two populations,the selection response of the oil content was 3.16% in yellow population C3y,increased by 11.89% compared with C0y;the selection response of the oil content was 1.12% in white population C3w,increased by 4.03% compared with C0w.The oil weight of 5 kernels was the highest in C4 in two populations,the selection response of the oil weight of 5 kernels was 0.022 1g in yellow population C4y,increased by 21.25% compared with C0y;the selection response of the oil weight of 5 kernels was 0.016 1g in white population C4w,increased by 13.39% compared with C0w.The 5 kernel weight,oil content and oil weight of 5 kernels were increased significantly in two populations after 4 cycles mass selection.Mass selection in early generation populations was effective in improving these traits in micro-endosperm maize.