中文摘要：

目前，环境污染已威胁到我们人类的生活质量和身体健康。水污染作为环境污染的主要组成部分，已成为污染治理和环境修复的当务之急。文章综述了微藻作为一种生物修复工具修复富营养化水源和重金属污染水源的研究进展其国内外研究概况。具体阐述了微藻修复受污染水环境的机理，能除氮脱磷的微藻种类、环境因素对微藻除氮脱磷的影响，利用微藻除氮磷富营养化的研究现状，以及利用微藻作为生物武器消除重金属污染的优势、特点和现状。重点论述了螺旋藻和小球藻两种微藻修复水体污染的概况。

英文摘要：

Health and living quality of people are being threatened by environment pollution. As primary part, water pollution is the urgent issue in treatment and rehabilitation of environment. The progress on microalgae rehabilitation of eutrophicated water source and water source polluted by heavy metal was summarized, with detailed description of rehabiiitation mechanism of microalgae to eutrophicated water source, types of microalgae which could remove nitrogen and phosphorus, environment effect of microalgae on nitrogen and phosphorus removal as well as existing status, advantages, characteristics and actuality of microalgae to eliminate heavy metals. The rehabilitation of eutrophicated water source by spirulina and chlorella was also introduced.