中文摘要：

目的：测算中国乡镇卫生院医疗服务效率,研究乡镇卫生院医疗服务效率的影响因素。方法：通过2003年至2012年中国省级面板数据,使用基于松弛变量的超效率数据包络分析模型与面板数据回归方法进行实证研究。结果：中国各地区乡镇卫生院医疗服务效率均值整体呈缓慢上升趋势,相当部分地区的乡镇卫生院服务处于非效率状态,同时地区效率差异明显。农村居民医疗保健支出水平与农村居民家庭劳动力受教育水平,乡镇卫生院的卫生管理人员比重与医师比重等因素均对乡镇卫生院的医疗卫生服务效率具有显著的正向影响。结论：应当加强农村居民医疗卫生知识宣传力度,努力提升农村居民的受教育水平。同时,应当着力提升乡镇卫生院人员队伍中专业医师与管理人员的比重,更为高效地满足农村居民的医疗卫生服务需求。

英文摘要：

Objective To measure the efficiency of medical services in township health centers and study its influencing factors. Methods Based on China provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012, empirical analysis is established by Super-SBM and panel data regression model. Results There had slowly growing trend in medical service efficiency of township health centers. Some of which were inefficient,with obvious different efficiency among different areas. The factors of rural residents＇ heahhcare expenditure, education background, ratio of health managers and medical professionals had significantly positively influences on the efficiency of medical services in township health centers. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of medical knowledge on rural residents, improve their education, increase the ratio of professional medical practitioners and managerial staffs in township health centers for satisfying the demand of rural residents.