中文摘要：

随着超级细菌的出现，一些传统抗生素将面临着被淘汰的风险，而抗菌肽因其抗菌谱广、不易导致耐药性等优点，有望成为理想的抗生素替代药物。利用分子设计方法对抗菌肽进行分子结构改造，降低其溶血性、提高抗菌活性是当前抗菌肽研究领域的一个重要方向。本文就抗菌肽的分子设计方法及其分子结构特点对抗菌活性的影响进行了综述，并简述了抗菌肽分子设计的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Along with the emergence of superbugs, some of the traditional antibiotics are facing with the risk of being eliminated. Meanwhile, it is reported that antimicrobial peptides have the potential used as an ideal alternative to antibiotic drugs because of its distinctive features such as broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and not easy to generate drug-resistance. It has been an important aspect of antimicrobial peptide research that using molecular design methods for structural modification of antimicrobial peptides, in order to decrease the hemolysis and improve the antibacterial activities. In this article, molecular design approaches of antimicrobial peptides and the effect of molecular structure on antimicrobial activities were reviewed. In addition, we also described the application prospect in antimicrobial peptide molecular design.