中文摘要：

利用溶胶-凝胶法，通过引入1，2-环氧丙烷作为Fe（lll）离子的水解促进剂，在温和、无毒的条件下一步实现纳米Al和无定形铁氧化物的复合，得到Fe2O3／Al纳米复合铝热剂。利用SEM、EDS、XRD和DSC对样品的形貌、结构和热反应特性进行表征，结果表明：真空干燥得到的Fe2O3干凝胶粒子为无定形结构，尺寸约20nm，Fe2O3干凝胶粒子紧密地包裹着纳米Al粒子，形成核壳结构的Fe2O3／Al纳米复合物；Fe2O3／Al的热反应放热峰分别出现在561．8℃和773．2℃，总放热量达到1648J·g^-1，说明其点火和能量性能明显优于传统铝热剂。

英文摘要：

Via introducing of 1,2-epoxypropane as the agent for speeding the hydrolyzation of Fe（Ⅲ） ions up, a kind of Fe2O3/Al nanocomposite had been prepared by sol-gel method under a mild and low-toxicity condition, in which nanometer Al particles and ferric oxide were combined tightly with each other. SEM, EDS, XRD and DSC analysis were employed to characterize the samples and investigate its thermite reaction. Results indicated that the particles of Fe2O3 xerogel drying in vacuum with size of about 20nm were amorphous, which tightly capped on the nanometer Al particles and then formed core-shell Fe2O3/Al nanocomposite. In DSC trace, thermite reaction of Fe2O3/Al has two exothermic peaks located at 561.8℃ and 773.2℃, and the reaction heat reach 1 648J·g^-1. The data imply that the ignition and energy performance of Fe2O3/Al nanocomposite are better than those of micron-sized thermite.