中文摘要：

目的了解菰米的血糖生成指数（GI）,观察菰米对高脂饲料诱导的胰岛素抵抗（IR）大鼠的作用。方法以50 g葡萄糖为对照,测定健康成人（n=8）食用67 g菰米后2 h内的血糖水平,并根据Wolver方法计算菰米GI。50只雄性SD大鼠随机分成阴性对照组、IR模型组、高剂量菰米组、低剂量菰米组和米面组,喂养8周,测定大鼠空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（INS）、糖化血红蛋白（Hb A1c）和胰高血糖素（GC）,计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。结果菰米的GI为53.72。IR模型组和米面组大鼠体重、FPG、INS、GC水平和HOMA-IR均高于阴性对照组（P〈0.05）;与IR模型组和米面组相比,高剂量菰米组和低剂量菰米组大鼠体重降低,FPG、INS、GC水平和HOMA-IR均显著下降（P〈0.05）;低剂量菰米组大鼠血清FPG、INS、GC水平略高于阴性对照组和高剂量菰米组,但差异无统计学意义。结论菰米属于低血糖生成指数食物,同时菰米能改善高脂饲料诱导的大鼠胰岛素抵抗,用菰米替代50%的精米面能改善大鼠的胰岛素抵抗状态。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the glycemic index（ GI） of wild rice,and observe the effects of wild rice on the insulin resistance（ IR） rats induced by high fat diet. Methods With 50 g glucose as control,measured healthy adults（ n = 8） blood glucose levels after eating 67 g wild rice within 2 h,and using Jenkins and Wolever formula to calculate the GI. 50 male SD rats were randomly divided into negative control group,IR model group,high-dose of wild rice group,low-dose of wild rice group and white rice-flour group,continuous feeding eight weeks. Fasting blood glucose（ FPG）,fasting insulin（ INS）,glycosylated hemoglobin（ Hb A1c） and glucagon（ GC） were measured,and insulin resistance index（ HOMA-IR） was calculated. Results The GI of wild rice was 53. 72. Compared with the negative control group,the rats of IR model group and white rice-flour group had higher body weight,FPG,INS,GC levels and HOMA-IR（ P〈 0. 05）. Compared with the white rice-flour and IR model group,FPG,INS,GC levels and HOMA-IR in rats fed high-dose of wild rice and low-dose of wild ricediet were significantly decreased（ P〈 0. 05）. The rats fed with low-dose of wild rice diet had slightly increased FPG,INS,GC levels and HOMA-IR,but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Wild rice is a low glycemic index food,while wild rice can improve the resistance in rats induced by high fat diet,and replace 50% of the refined rice and flour with wild rice can improve insulin resistance in rats.