中文摘要：

波阻抗是地震数据岩性处理解释中的重要参数。提出了一种基于反射波动方程的叠前地震反射数据深度域波阻抗相对变化成像方法。从变密度的声波方程出发，首先利用高频近似，推导出基于波阻抗相对变化的一次反射波场的线性传播方程，然后基于该传播方程，利用线性反演理论推导出获得深度域波阻抗相对变化近似估计的成像公式。受反射地震数据频带范围的限制和波形线性反演问题近似求解成像方法的限制，该波阻抗相对变化成像方法所获得的成像结果的保真性和分辨率会存在不足，但其计算量与逆时偏移的计算量基本相当。合成数据的模型试验结果验证了波阻抗相对变化成像方法的有效性。

英文摘要：

Impedance of subsurface media is an important parameter for lithologic processing and interpretation of seismic data.In this paper, a relative impedance variation imaging in depth domain based on the reflection wave equation is proposed. Starting from the variable density acoustic wave equation, the proposed method derives a linear propagation equation of the primary reflection waves based on the relative impedance variation through high frequency approximation. Then, on the basis of the linear propagation equation, it derives the relative impedance variation imaging method and its formula by using the linear inversion theory.The rela- tive impedance variation imaging results obtained by the proposed method are deficient in fidelity and resolution, owing to the limi- tation of the frequency hand of the reflected seismic data and to the inherent limitations of the imaging methods, which are approx- imate solutions to the waveform linear inversion problem. However, the computational complexity is equivalent to that of reverse time migratioraThe result of the model tests on synthetic data showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.