中文摘要：

乳蛋白是乳汁的主要成分之一，具有极高的营养价值，含有人体所需的必需氨基酸。作者主要介绍了乳蛋白合成的相关通路：氨基酸转运系统（aminoacidtransportsystem）、蛋白酪氨酸激酶-2信号转导子和转录激活子-5（Janustyrosineki—nase2-signaltransducerandactivatoroftranscription5，Jak2-Stat5）信号转导途径和雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mammaliantargetofra—pamycin，mTOR）信号通路的调控。氨基酸转运系统为乳蛋白形成提供前体原料，信号转导子和转录激活因子（signaltransducerandactivatoroftranscription，Stat）家族是调控乳蛋白表达的信号传导因子，特别是Stats对于乳蛋白的合成有重要作用，而mTOR信号通路整合了催乳素、胰岛素等激素及EIF4E、AKT等细胞因子来调控蛋白相关基因的表达，此外还涉及乳蛋白合成，对于提高乳汁营养价值具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

Lactoproteins are main components of the milk which include almost all of the essential amino acids and has very high nutritive value. The synthesis of lactoproteins are regulated by amino acid transporters, Janus tyrosine kinase 2 signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 （Jak2-Stat5） and mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） pathway. Amino acid transporters provide materials for the synthesis of milk protein. The Star family are signal transducer factors to regulate the ex- pression of lactoprotein, especially Stat5. The mTOR pathway can integrate hormone such as prolactin and insulin cytokine such as EIF4E and AKT, to regulate the synthesis of milk protein. It can be deduced the study of mechanism of milk protein synthesis is very important to improve the nutritive value of milk.