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中文摘要：
本文通过引人社会养老替代家庭养老的经济机制，分析了社会保障制度对人口和经济增长的长期影响。加大社会保障力度可以降低年老人对子女赡养的依赖程度，促使家庭减少生育率。当父母生育更多的是为了将来获得养老保障，而从子女数量中获得的直接效用相对较低时，家庭会转为增加对子女的教育投入，从而促进人力资本与经济的增长。数值模拟的结果表明，相对于完全基金制，现收现付制替代家庭养老的作用更明显，对减缓人口增长，促进经济增长的作用也更显著。
英文摘要：
This paper studies the effects of social security on the long-run growth of per-capita income and popu- lation in an endogenous growth model in which the pattern of intergenerational transfer changes with the social security tax. It shows that both pay-as-you-go and full-funded social security decreases the motives of parents to invest in their children to get old-age support. If the utility of parents depends less on the number of children, social security could enhance economic growth by reducing fertility and increasing education spending per child. The simulation exercise shows that pay-as-you-go social security could achieve faster economic growth than full- funded one.
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