中文摘要：

供水管网中微生物生长和生物膜形成可对管网水质和运行造成重要影响.利用MPN-Griess方法检测了上海某供水系统生物膜中氨氧化细菌的数量,分析了管网中氨氧化细菌与管网水中硝化作用和消毒剂之间的相关性.通过室内实验分析了氨氧化细菌和异养菌对氯胺消毒剂的抗性和消耗影响.结果表明,管网中氨氧化细菌数量（以生物膜干重计）在1.0×10^2-4.3×10^5MPN/g之间,与氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮浓度的相关系数分别为-0.563、0.603和-0.563;与总氯和一氯胺浓度的相关系数分别是-0.659和-0.571.氨氧化细菌对氯胺消毒剂的抗性明显高于异养菌,对氯胺消毒剂的消耗能力也强于异养菌.

英文摘要：

The growth of microbe and formation of biofilm in water distribution system were important factors affecting the security of water quality. The number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB） in biofilm of a chloraminated drinking water distribution system in Shanghai was detected by MPN-Griess method, and the relations among AOB, nitrification and chloraminated disinfection were analyzed. Meanwhile, the effects of AOB on chloraminated disinfection fastness and attenuation by simulation experiment were studied. The result indicated that the number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in pipe biofilm was between 1.0×10^2-4. 3×10^5MPN/g dry biofilm. Correlation coefficients of AOB with ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were - 0.563, 0.603 and - 0.563. Correlation coefficients of AOB with total chlorine and mono-chloramine were -0.659 and - 0.571. Fastness of AOB to chloramine was higher than heterotrophic bacteria and AOB can deplete more chloramine than HPC.