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中文摘要：
在我国东部位于3个气候带（温带、暖温带、中亚热带）的农业生态试验站（海伦站、封丘站、鹰潭站）设置水热变化梯度下的土壤置换试验，利用Biolog方法，研究了水热条件和施肥对玉米抽雄期的红壤中微生物群落功能的影响。结果表明，水热条件、作物和施肥共同影响了红壤中微生物群落的碳源代谢活性（Average Well Color Development，AWCD值表示）。施肥处理（NPK）红壤中AWCI）值大小顺序为：封丘〉海伦〉鹰潭，不施肥（CK）处理为：封丘〉鹰潭〉海伦站。在3种气候条件下，施用NPK肥均提高了红壤中微生物群落的碳源代谢的总体活性。主成分分析结果表明，不同水热条件下，施肥处理的红壤中微生物群落代谢指纹变化较小，但不施肥处理出现显著变化；对碳源利用主成分起分异作用的主要是碳水化合物和羧酸类物质及3种含氮化合物（L-苯基丙氨酸、L-天冬酰氨酸和苯乙基胺）。
英文摘要：
To study the impact of hydrothermal condition and fertilization on soil microbial metabolic properties, a transplant experiment of red soil was conducted at Hailun, Fengqiu and Yingtan Experiment Stations located in the middle temperate, warm temperate and mid-subtropical zone of East China respectively. Soil microbial communities were measured by Biolog Eco Plate. The results showed that the hydrothermal conditions, fertilization affected metabolic activity（expressed as AWCD, average well color development ）integrally in red soil. AWCD of red soil followed as the order of： Fengqiu〉Hailun〉Yingtan with fertilization （NPK）,while in construct treatment（ CK ）AWCD followed as the order of： Fengqiu station〉Yingtan station〉Hailun station. In different climate zones, fertilizer application of N, P and K increased soil microbial metabolic activity. Principal component analysis of soil microbial communities showed there was little difference for the metabolic fingerprint of soil microbial communities in red soils among different climate zones under fertilization conditions, while the difference was significantly without fertilization. The differentiation of soil microbial communities was mainly cased by carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and three kinds of nitrogen compounds（ L-Phenylalanine, L-Asparagine and Phenylethyl-amine ）.
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