中文摘要：

将在中国南方9省采集分离的568株球孢白僵菌按省份划分成9个亚种群，将其中寄主可以鉴定到目的包括8目昆虫和蜘蛛目的466株球孢白僵菌按目划分成9个亚种群，用ISSR分子标记技术进行遗传多样性和种群遗传结构分析。各种多样性指数皆显示我国南方地区球孢白僵菌的遗传多样性水平较高，种群的异质性较强。其中安徽亚种群的遗传多样性和种群异质性最高，浙江亚种群最低；鳞翅目Lepidoptera分离株的遗传多样性和种群异质性最高，直翅目Orthoptera分离株最低。广东与云南菌株间以及直翅目与蜘蛛目分离株间遗传分化系数以及遗传距离最大，安徽与湖南亚种群间以及鞘翅目与膜翅目分离株间遗传分化系数以及遗传距离最小，这些结果以及基于遗传距离的亚种群聚类分析都证明我国南方球孢白僵菌的遗传谱系与寄主来源和地理来源均无关系。我国南方球孢白僵菌的变异主要是由各省不同采集地以及采集地内部不同微生境间的差异造成的，也是由各不同寄主目内备科及各属间的变异造成的。

英文摘要：

Five hundred and sixty-eight isolates ofBeauveria bassiana collected from 9 provinces in south China were divided into 9 provincial subpopulations and 466 isolates among them divided into 9 subpopulations including 8 insect orders and Araneida. All isolates were analyzed for genetic diversity and population genetic structure using an ISSR technique. All diversity parameters showed a high level of both genetic diversity and population heterogeneity orB. bassiana. Among the geographic isolates, Anhui subpopulation and Lepidoptera subpopulation had the highest genetic diversity and the highest population heterogeneity, while Zhejiang subpopulation and Orthoptera subpopulation harbored the lowest. Genetic differentiation and genetic distance were the highest between Guangdong and Ytmnan subpopulations and between Orthoptera and Araneida subpopulations, and were the lowest between Anhui and Hunan subpopulations and between Coleoptera and Hymenoptera subpopulations. These results and subpopulation clustering analyses based on genetic distance of subpopulations all demonstrated that phylogenetic relationships orB. bassiana isolates in south China was associated neither with their geographic location nor with their host origin. The variation of B. bassiana in south China resulted mainly from variation between different collection sites and microhabitats inside them, and also from variation between families and genera of hosts.