中文摘要：

目的：基于社会剥夺的视角,测量我国各地区社会剥夺指数,分析其与人口健康需要的相关性,并研究将剥夺指数纳入财政分配机制中能否促进我国公共卫生财政投入的公平性。方法：因子分析法测量我国31个地区的社会剥夺指数。该指数与各地人口健康需要指标进行相关分析,并按剥夺指数对我国公共卫生财政重新分配。结果：我国大部分西部地区和中部地区比多数东部地区具有较高的社会剥夺水平;较高剥夺水平的地区,其人口健康需要也较高;我国公共卫生财政配置的公平性较差。结论：财政分配机制中引入剥夺指数将促进我国公共卫生财政投入的公平性,且简单指数具有与合成指数同等的有效性。建议新医改中,政府应支持剥夺水平高的地区,以促进财政分配的公平性,并开发有效的公共卫生财政分配工具。

英文摘要：

Objectives：To measure deprivation index,to analyze the relationship between the index and the health needs,and to know if it could improve the equity through drawing the index into the financial mechanism for public health in China.Methods：Factor Analysis was utilized to measure the relative deprivation as a proxy of health need in 31 different regions in China,and Linear Regression to analyze the relationship between the indexes and the health needs in China.Then public health financial resources are redistributed according to the deprivation index.Results：Most western and middle regions in China have higher deprivation level than most eastern region.It was found that the higher the level of the deprivation,the larger the people＇s health needs.There was strong inequality in public health financial allocation at the regional level in China.Conclusion：It could improve the equity that drawing the index into the financial mechanism for public health and simple indicator is as effective as the composed ones.Better mechanisms are required to improve the equity of the financial allocation during the health reform in China,which should focus on the areas with high level of deprivation.Effective financial allocation tools should be developed as soon as possible.