中文摘要：

采用静态吸附法测定了铀（U）在黏土中的分配系数,并考察了固液比、pH值、U（Ⅵ）质量浓度和吸附时间等因素对分配系数的影响,分析了其吸附过程中的热力学和动力学,通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）探讨了相关吸附机理。结果表明,吸附在120 min时基本达到平衡,在pH=6时吸附效果最好,铀在黏土中的分配系数达到4.9×104mL/g,且黏土对铀的吸附过程符合Freundlich、Langmuir等温模型,准二级吸附动力学方程能很好地描述黏土对铀的吸附规律（R2〉0.993）。铀的吸附分配系数随固液比增大先增大后减小。

英文摘要：

The present paper is aimed at introducing our research findings of the distribution coefficient and influential factors of uranium on the clay. For our research purpose, we have done some static adsorption experiments in hoping to analyze and identify the mechanism of the adsorption of U（VⅥ） by the clay in the sewage. The resuits of our experiment indicate that it is not only possible for the adsorption to reach equilibrium state in a period of 120 min, but also the adsorption rate of U（Ⅵ） can be made to reach as high as 99% while the concentration of U（Ⅵ） is 5 mg/L. The said results also demonstrate that the solid/liquid ratio tends to have a strong effect on the distribution coefficient when the solid-liquid ratio may range from1：60 to 1：120. And, when the distribution coefficient tends to increase with the increase of the solid-liquid ratio, the ratio may range from 1：20 to 1：60, and then the distribution coefficient is likely to begin to drop down. So, 1 ： 60 is thought of to be the optimized or best distribution coefficient. Furthermore, the experimental results via observation demonstrate that the pH value and the initial concentration also have strong effects on the distribution coefficient of uranium in clay. However, the distribution coefficient tends to decrease with the increase of the initial concentration. For example, when the pH value was 6.0 and the adsorption time reached 120 min, the distribution coefficient should be equal to 4.9 × 10^4 mg/L. Thus, it can be seen that the result of our detailed analysis proves that the descrip- tion of Langmuir isotherm （ R^2 = 0.999） should be said more fit for describing the adsorption process than that of Freundlich isotherm （R^2 = 0.9864）. And finally, in order to understand the mechanism of the U（Ⅵ） removing process, it would be better to use SEM and - IR to characterize the process of clay adsorption, that is to say, U（Ⅵ） tends to be adsorbed by the active groups, such as carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amin