中文摘要：

以二水氯化铜和硫脲为原料，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂，不同体积比的酒精与去离子水为溶剂，通过水热法合成了硫化亚铜纳米球、纳米花与纳米棒三种形貌的晶体。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）与透射电子显微镜（TEM）对晶体的形貌与结构进行表征。XRD测试表明，这三种纳米结构均为高结晶性材料。此外还测试了这三种纳米结构的场发射性能。场发射实验结果表明，棒状结构的硫化亚铜纳米晶体具有最佳的场发射性能，开启场约3．1V／μm，阈场约5．9V／μm，场增强因子约2064。这些结论表明，硫化亚铜纳米棒在场发射器件领域具有良好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Three types of nano crystals, i.e. nanospheres, nanoflowers and nanorods of Cu2S were successfully synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method by employing CuCl2 · 2H2O and thiourea as Cu and S sources, respectively, PVP as the surfactant and different volume ratios of the ethanol and distilled water as the solvent. The structure and morphology of as-synthesized nanomaterials were characterized through the X-ray diffraction （XRD）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of the nanoparticles with high crystallinity. In addition, the field emission properties of the three types of nanostruetures were investigated. The field emission experimental results indicate that the Cu2 S nanorod has the best field emission performance with a turn-on field of about 3.1 V/t~m, a threshold field of about 5.9 V/μm and a field enhancement factor of about 2 064, suggesting that the Cu2 S nanorod has a promising prospect in field emission device applications.