中文摘要：

以576份中国花生全套核心种质为材料，对26个表型性状进行主成分和相关性分析。结果表明。花生资源在这26个性状方面均存在显著的遗传分化和丰富的多样性。从主成分分析的结果来看，前5个主成分对变异的累积贡献率达72．67％，叶片宽、种子宽、百果重和百果仁重对花生种质资源主成分1贡献较大，表明在花生种质资源鉴定中，这些性状占有重要地位。相关性分析结果表明，主茎高和主茎节密度呈显著负相关，主茎高和主茎节数，叶片长与叶片宽，荚果宽与种子长、种子宽、百果重、百果仁重等呈显著正相关。这些相关性表明，测得相关性极显著的一对表型性状中的一个即可判断另一个性状的变异状况，减少了花生种质资源鉴定的工作量。

英文摘要：

Peanut is an important oilseed crop cultivated in China. In the last three years, 576 accessions of Chinese peanut core collection were evaluated. Principal components （PC） and correlations of 26 agronomic characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the peanut resources in these 26 traits have significant genetic differentiation and diversity. Principal component analysis showed that the first five principal components accounted for 72.67% of total variation, The genetic components with big contribution to PC1 included leaf width, seed width, 100 - pod weight and weight of all seeds from 100 pods. Correlation analysis indicated that height of main stem had significant negative correlation to density of stem nodes. And the height of main stem had significant positive correlated to nodes of main stem, leaflet length and leaflet width. Pod width had significant positive correlation with seed length ,seed width, 100 -pod weight and weight of all seeds from 100 pods. These strong correlations can be used to improve the efficiency in germplasm evaluations