中文摘要：

利用代表花生基础资源的核心种质分析花生高油酸资源的分布和遗传多样性,结果表明：在花生核心种质中油酸含量高于57%的种质40份,主要分布在密枝亚种（普通型25份和龙生型8份）,少数分布在疏枝亚种（珍珠豆型6份和中间型1份）;除了10份资源来源于国外（ICR ISAT 7份,美国1份,日本1份和韩国1份）,其他种质资源来源于中国12个省市。同时发现高油酸种质中3份资源的粗脂肪在55%左右,分别是Zh.h4094（油酸66.70%,粗脂肪54.99%）,Zh.h4029（油酸63.50%,粗脂肪55.58%）和Zh.h4319（油酸59.70%,粗脂肪56.04%）;基于植物学和产量性状分析,前5个主成份（PC）可以解释81.17%的变异。聚类分析表明,在阈值为0.1942时,可分为8个组。因此中国花生核心种质中高油酸种质存在丰富的遗传多样性,而且分布较广,高油酸种质的获得为花生高油酸育种提供基础材料。

英文摘要：

Cultivated peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.）is a widely cultivated commercial plant in the world,which is also an important source of protein and edible oil.Identification of distributing and genetic diversity of high oleic acid germplasm in China peanut（Arachia Hypogaea）core collection is important to high oleic acid breeding.There were 40 accessions of germplasm that mean oleic acid content of two years is over 57%,which contains 6 accessions of ssp.fastigiata（var.vulgaris,6）,33 accessions of ssp.hypogaea（var.hypogaea,25 and var.hirsute,8）and 1 intermediate.Except for 7 accessions coming from ICRISAT,1 accession coming from America,1 accession coming from Japan,and 1 accession coming from Korea,the other come from 12 provinces in China.We also discovered three accessions germplasm with high oleic acid and oil content,which are Zh.h4094（oleic acid=66.70%,oil content=54.99%）,Zh.h4029（oleic acid=63.50%,oil content=55.58%）and Zh.h4319（oleic acid=59.70%,oil content=56.04%）.Based on botanical and yield traits,the first five principal components（PCs）explained 81.17%variation,and based on dendrograms produced in NTSYS-pc 2.10e software,the varieties were classified into 8 groups in value being 0.1942.So,there was abundant genetic diversity of high oleic acid in Chinese peanut core collection.Varieties of high oleic acid Acquired was one strategy to improve oil quality of peanut and to develop high oleic fatty acid using plant breeding techniques.