中文摘要：

目的研究黄花倒水莲的化学成分及其体外抗病毒活性。方法采用柱色谱技术分离黄花倒水莲乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部位的化学成分；根据光谱数据鉴定分离所得化合物的结构；采用细胞病变抑制法（CPEre—ductionassay）测定化合物的体外抗病毒活性。结果分离并鉴定了10个化合物：棕榈酸（Ⅰ）、1，3-二羟基-2-甲基[口山]酮（Ⅱ）、24乙基-豆甾-7，（E）-22-二烯-3-醇（Ⅲ）、对羟基苯甲醛（Ⅳ）、1，3-二羟基讪酮（Ⅴ）、1，3-二羟基-2-甲氧基汕酮（Ⅵ）、1-甲氧基-2，3-亚甲二氧基讪酮（Ⅶ）、1，7-二羟基-2，3-亚甲二氧基[口山]酮（Ⅷ）、对羟基苯甲酸（Ⅸ）和原儿茶酸甲酯（Ⅹ）。其中化合物Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ在体外有一定的抗单纯疱疹Ⅰ型病毒（HSV-1）和柯撤奇B3型病毒（Cox B3）的活性。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅹ为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物Ⅱ和Ⅹ为首次从该属植物中分离得到，化合物Ⅱ为新天然产物。首次研究该植物化学成分的抗病毒活性，化合物Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ均为1，3-二羟基取代[口山]酮。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and their antiviral activity of Polygala fallax. Methods The chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract in P. fallax were systematically isolated with chromatographic were elucidated by their spectral data. The in vitro techniques. The structures of the isolated compounds antiviral activity of the compounds against herpes simplex virus type 1 （HSV-1） and coxsackie B3 virus （Cox B3） were tested with cytopathic effect （CPE） reduction assay. Results Ten compounds were isolated and determined as： palmitic acid （ Ⅰ ）, 1 , 3-di- hydroxy-2-methylxanthone （ Ⅱ ）, 24-ethyl-7, （E） 22-cholestadien-3-ol （ Ⅲ ）, p-hydroxybenzalde （Ⅳ）, 1, 3-dihydroxy xanthone （ Ⅴ ）, 1, 3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone （ Ⅵ ）, 1-methoxy-2, 3-methylenedioxy- xanthone （Ⅶ）, 1, 7-dihydroxy-2, 3-methylenedioxyxanthone （Ⅷ）, p-hydroxybenzoic acid （ Ⅸ ）, methylprotoeatechuate （Ⅹ）. Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and Ⅹ are isolated from P. fallax for the first time; Compounds Ⅱ and Ⅹ are isolated from the plants of Polygala L. for the first time; Compound Ⅱ is obtained as a natural product for the first time. Compounds Ⅱ , Ⅴ , and Ⅵ possessing 1, 3-dihydroxyl substituent xanthones show in vitro antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and Cox B3.