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海冰水膜下滴灌对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响

ISSN号：1673-6257
期刊名称：《中国土壤与肥料》
时间：0
分类：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程;农业科学—农业工程] S562[农业科学—作物学]
作者机构：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081, [2]农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室,北京100081
相关基金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目（2007CB109305）：国家“863”计划资助项目（2006AA100206和2006AA100220）：948国外技术引进与创新研究项目（2006-G52A-03）;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金;948引进国际先进农业科学技术重点项目（2006-G56）;国际科技合作项目（2006DFB32180）.

作者：郑妍[1], 武雪萍[1], 胡育骄[1], 王小彬[1], 赵全胜[1], 左余宝[1], 蔡典雄[1,2], 吴会军[1], 姜志伟[1], 李银坤[1]

关键词：海冰水, 棉花, 膜下滴灌, 产量, 水分利用效率, sea ice melt- water, cotton, mulch- film drip irrigation, yield, water use efficiency

中文摘要：

在河北省黄骅中捷农场进行矿化度为3g／L的海冰水膜下灌溉试验，研究不同灌溉处理对土壤水分含量、盐分积累、棉花生长发育、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，与井水灌溉相比，海冰水灌溉可以增加土体的中下层土壤含水量。海冰水灌溉会引起土壤表层盐分含量的增加，但经过雨季水分的淋洗作用，盐分会得到很大程度的淋溶，因此，在棉花生长后期2种不同灌溉水源处理，土壤各层次盐分含量无显著差异，井水灌溉棉花产量略高于海冰水灌溉，但二者之间产量及产量构成指标差异不显著。海冰水膜下滴灌与漫灌相比，可以显著提高棉花产量和灌溉水利用效率，其中产量提高22％。研究结果表明，矿化度为3g／L的海冰水可以用于棉田灌溉，结合膜下滴灌技术可以有效提高灌溉水的利用效率。

英文摘要：

A field experiment was conducted on the Zhongjie Farm of Hebei province to research the effect of Bohai sea ice melt-water with mulch -film drip irrigation on soil water distribution, soil salinity accumulation, cotton growth, yield and water use efficiency （WUE） . The results showed that sea ice melt - water was propitious to moisture infiltrate downwards compared with fresh water, so it could increase the moisture of soil deep - layers. Sea ice melt - water irrigation could arouse salinity increasing, but after the rainy season, most salinity was eluviated. The salinity of every soil layers had no significant difference in a later period of cotton by both of these irrigation conditions. The cotton yield of fresh water irrigation was litter more then sea ice melt - water irrigation, but every target had no significant difference. Sea ice melt - water with mulch - film drip irrigation could improve yield and WUE significant difference which compare with flooding irrigation. The yield was improved by 22%. This experiment preliminary proved that Bohai sea ice melt - water with mulch - film drip irrigation was applicable in cotton producing of Circum - Bohai - Sea region.

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