中文摘要：

目的对中日两国学生身高发育水平及变化趋势作跨文化比较,为采取措施进一步提升中国学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法以7岁身高（反映早期发育）、18岁身高（成年身高）和全学龄段身高＂平均值＂为指标,比较中国城乡6个群体各自在1985-2005年期间与日本同龄者的身高差距及其变化。结果 2005年中国青少年成年身高已赶上日本。7岁身高和全学龄段身高＂平均值＂城市男、女已赶上日本,但因乡村群体的相对滞后,整体上仍低于日本。我国各群体体格发育潜力都很大。结论应将日本经验和中国的国情、现状相结合,根据中国各群体的差异形成原因,采取相应干预措施。

英文摘要：

Objective To have a cross-cultural comparison on the mean heights and their secular changes between the Chinese and Japanese students.Methods The heights both of the 7-year-olds（reflecting early growth status） and the 18-year-olds（adult height） as well as the average attained stature for all ages 7 through 18-year-old were used as indicators.Comparing with their Japanese counterparts,the gaps of mean heights and the changes of these gaps for the six Chinese groups,both urban and rural,were searched.Results The means of adult height for the Chinese students had entirely caught up that of the Japanese in 2005.From 1985 to 2005,the urban Chinese students had already overcome their gaps both on the mean heights of the early school ages and on the average attained stature of the whole school ages.However,because of the relative delay growth of the rural ones,the Sino-Japanese disparity on the mean heights of these two indicators still existed by looking the Chinese students as a whole.Great growth potentials were found among all the Chinese groups.Conclusion Combining Japanese experiences with Chinese status,some corresponding intervention measures should be carried out according to the gaps of the Chinese groups.