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中文摘要：
由电场引起的晶体折射率的变化称为晶体的电光效应，具有电光效应的晶体称为电光晶体。利用电光效应可以制作电光Q开关等重要光电器件。晶体的电光效应及其有效利用，均与其对称性密切相关。本文在综述电光晶体研究进展的基础上，推导了不同晶系中各晶类电光效应类型及其特点，并以电光Q开关的要求为例讨论了晶体的电光效应及其对称性之间的关系。从讨论结果得出：立方晶系Td-713m，三方晶系C3v-3m，四方晶系D2d-712m，D4v-4ram和六方晶系D3h-6m2，C6v-6mm点群中相应电光系数的横向或纵向效应可能有实用价值。在考虑旋光性影响后，立方晶系T-23，三方晶系D3-32，四方晶系中s4-4，六方晶系中C3h-6等也有可能应用。但是，电光晶体的应用与许多因素相关，对称性只是其中一个基本条件。
英文摘要：
The change of refractive indices induced by applied electric field in crystals is called as electro-optic （E-O） effect. Devices such as E-O Q-switches and modulators can be manufactured by using E-O crystals. The application of E-O crystals depends strongly on the symmetry of the crystal. In this paper we have reviewed recent progress on E-O crystal research, and discussed the relationships between E-O effect and symmetry. The favorable point groups for E-O application are Td - 43m （cubic）, C3v - 3m （trigonal）, D2d - 712m and D4v - 4ram （tetragonal）, D3h - 6m2 and C6v - 6ram （hexagonal）. Crystals with point group T - 23 （cubic）, D3 - 32 （trigonal）, S4 - 71 （tetragonal） and C3h- 8 （hexagonal） may also be used when the optic-activity in the crystal can be eliminated in E-O device design. It is necessary to point out that the consideration of symmetry is one of the elementary factors for the application of E-O crystals.
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