中文摘要：

持留菌是指细菌群体中能耐受致死浓度抗生素的小亚群,在感染的复发及慢性感染的迁延不愈中扮演重要角色.持留菌的形成机制复杂,为多因素共同参与形成对抗生素的耐受.持留菌对抗生素表现为不可遗传的表型耐受,虽与由基因突变形成的抗药菌存在本质差异,但近年来的研究显示：不仅抗药菌存在显著的持留现象,持留菌本身甚至也可作为一种中间状态促进抗药菌的形成.本文将就持留菌对抗生素耐受形成机制、抗药菌的持留现象及持留菌向抗药菌的转化的可能机制等研究进行综述,并对今后的研究方向进行展望.

英文摘要：

Persisters are a sub-population of bacteria that can survive lethal concentrations of antibiotics.They contribute to recurrent or intractable chronic infections.Persisters can emerge as a result of multiple mechanisms which lead to drug tolerance.Unlike antimicrobial resistance which usually acquires genetic mutation, phenotypes of persisters are non-inheritable.Despite the distinct difference between persistence and resistance, recent studies have demonstrated that not only persistence can be observed in resistant mutants, but also persisters themselves can be regarded as an intermediate state which promotes the emergence of resistance.This review focuses on mechanisms of drug tolerance in persisters, phenomena of persistence in antimicrobial resistant bacteria and possible mechanisms of the conversion of persisters to resistant bacteria.Moreover, future research directions are also prospected is this review.