中文摘要：

［目的］ 观察妊娠期和哺乳期氟、砷及其联合暴露对大鼠仔代生长发育和神经行为的影响。 ［方法］ 无特定病原体（SPF）级SD大鼠80 只，雌雄按1∶1 交配，孕鼠随机分为对照组、氟处理组、砷处理组及氟砷联合染毒组，从受孕第0 天开始以自由饮水方式分别暴露于自来水、100 mg/L NaF，75 mg/L NaAsO2 以及100 mg/L NaF 和75 mg/L NaAsO2 的混合水溶液，连续染毒至仔鼠出生后第21 天（PND21）。观察仔鼠生理发育及神经行为反射指标的变化。 ［结果］ 砷处理组PND4 和PND21 仔鼠体重分别为（10.70±1.38）g 和（43.72±9.46）g；联合染毒组PND4、PND7、PND14 和PND21仔鼠体重分别为（9.65±1.09）、（14.73±1.77）、（28.99±2.29）、（42.64±6.87）g，分别低于对照组的体重（11.92±2.46）、（16.56±2.41）、（31.03±4.16）及（48.73±7.35）g（P 〈 0.05）。与对照组比，氟处理组、砷处理组及联合染毒组仔鼠的生理发育指标，包括张耳、开眼、门齿萌出和长毛均无明显变化（P 〉 0.05）。与对照组比，氟处理组PND5 仔鼠的平面反正反射阳性率和负屈性反射阳性率、PND6 仔鼠的负屈性反射阳性率较低（P 〈 0.008 3）。与对照组比，砷处理组PND6 仔鼠的负屈性反射阳性率、联合染毒组PND6 仔鼠的负屈性反射阳性率和悬崖回避反射阳性率较低（P 〈 0.008 3）。砷处理组及联合染毒组PND13 和PND14 仔鼠的前肢悬挂时间分别为［（6.37±4.16）、（7.39±4.17）s］和［（6.00±3.15）、（7.46±3.07）s］，明显短于对照组［（8.82±5.41）、（10.01±5.09）s］（P 〈 0.05）。 ［结论］ 妊娠期和哺乳期砷及氟砷联合暴露可影响仔鼠的体重增长，氟、砷及其联合暴露可影响仔鼠的神经行为反射功能。

英文摘要：

[Objective] To observe the effects on growth and neurobehavior of offspring rats of maternal exposure to fluoride, arsenic, and fluoride-arsenic combination during gestation and lactation periods. [Methods] Eighty SD rats （SPF） were mated according to male-to-female ratio of 1：1. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, fluoride, arsenic and fluoride-arsenic groups, each containing 10 pregnant rats. The pregnant rats in the 3 exposure groups were exposed to 100 mg/L NaF, 75 mg/L NaAsO2, and 100 mg/L NaF＋75 mg/L NaAsO2 mixed solutions through drinking water ad libitum, respectively, until postnatal day 21 （PND21） of offsprings. The pregnant rats in the control group drank tap water. Changes of offspring body weight, physiological development, and neurobehavior reflect actions were observed. [Results] The body weights of the PND4 and PND21 pups in the arsenic group were （10.70±1.38） and （43.72±9.46）g respectively, the body weights of the PND4, PND7, PND14, and PND21 pups in the fluoride-arsenic group were （9.65±1.09）, （14.73±1.77）, （28.99±2.29）, and （42.64±6.87）g respectively, and all of them were statistically lower than the body weights of the corresponding control pups, （11.92±2.46）, （16.56±2.41）, （31.03±4.16）, and （48.73±7.35）g （P 〈 0.05）. The pups of the 3 exposure groups showed no difference in physiological development indices including pinna detachment, eye opening, incisor growth, and hair growth in comparison with the control pups. Compared with the control pups, the positive rates of surface righting reflex and negative geotaxis reflex in the fluoride exposed PND5 pups and the positive rates of negative geotaxis reflex in the fluoride exposed PND6 pups were remarkably decreased （P 〈 0.008 3）; the positive rate of negative geotaxis reflex in the arsenic exposed PND6 pups and the positive rates of negative geotaxis reflex and cliff avoidance in the fluoride-arsenic exposed PND6 pups were significantly decr